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量化營養(yǎng)和健康飲食的成本:

全球營養(yǎng)轉型背景下糧食系統(tǒng)的經濟分析方法

Title:

Quantifying the cost of nutritious and healthy diets: Economic approaches to food systems in the context of the global nutrition transition

Abstract:

Access to nutritious and healthy diets is an essential concept in global health studies. Rising or volatile food prices may harm people’s access to essential nutrients and their nutritional status. Barriers to accessing healthy foods and low prices in foods high in harmful dietary factors cause a high prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases. Applying multiple datasets and quantitative methods, we examined two internationally comparable indices developed using Economic approaches. The Cost of Nutrient Adequacy (CoNA) quantifies the least cost of a diet meeting daily nutritional needs, and the Cost of Recommended Diets (CoRD) measures the costs meeting global Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs). As cost-of-living indices, both are proposed as a measure of access to nutritious and healthy diets for low-income populations. Using a global food price dataset of the World Bank, we assessed global CoNA and CoRD, as well as costs over the life course of 20 demographic groups. We further measured the seasonality of diet costs in East Africa, using time-series subnational price datasets. Nutritious and healthy diets are not affordable for the global poor, and the costs differ across demographic groups and over seasons. Under the context of the global nutrition transition, CoNA and CoRD could be used as metrics to target populations at risk and to evaluate the performance of food systems through the lens of nutrition and health.

Yan Bai is an Economist in the World Bank. He earned the Ph.D. in Food and Nutrition Policy at Tufts’ Friedman School of Nutrition. His work is focused on index studies on the cost of nutritious and healthy diets as well as dietary quality around the world using quantitative methods. During his study, he also worked as a consultant to the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Prior to that, Yan earned the Master of International Business (MIB) at Tufts’ Fletcher School. Besides advancing knowledge in international finance and global health, he gained quantitative skills at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Prior to his graduate education, Yan worked as an investment analyst at the International Finance Corporation and Rothschild Group, where he acquired industry experiences in the health and agriculture sectors in China, Asia, and Africa. Yan also holds a master’s degree in Economics from Tufts and BA/BS in Chemistry and Economics from Peking University.

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