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中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院

中國(guó)灌溉管理改革40年的回顧與展望

時(shí)間：2020年8月4日（周二）16:00-17:30

地點(diǎn)：騰訊會(huì)議 357 347 336

匯報(bào)人：北京大學(xué)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)學(xué)院王金霞教授

主持人：孟婷

報(bào)告摘要

本報(bào)告主要目的是回顧我國(guó)灌溉管理改革40年的發(fā)展歷程、取得的主要成效及存在的主要問(wèn)題，由此提出今后進(jìn)一步的改革展望。報(bào)告不僅會(huì)回顧地下水灌溉系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度變革的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素及其對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和地下水位的影響，而且也將分析地表水灌溉系統(tǒng)管理制度變遷取得的主要成效及存在的主要問(wèn)題。最后，報(bào)告也將回顧節(jié)水技術(shù)采用的現(xiàn)狀及影響因素、農(nóng)業(yè)水價(jià)政策改革和水權(quán)制度建設(shè)等成效與挑戰(zhàn)，最后報(bào)告基于最新的水管理策略提出今后的改革展望。

This study overviews China’s forty-year irrigation development, transformation of the institutional and incentive structures in irrigation management. After rural reforms in the 1970s, irrigation investments slowed until the late 1990s. In North China, farmers became major investors in groundwater irrigation, leading to property rights’ transfer of tubewells from collective to private ownership. Despite positive effects in cropping patterns, farmer income, and development of groundwater markets, privatization has accelerated groundwater table deterioration. Since the middle of 1990s, Water User Associations have replaced village collective management of surface irrigation. This trend reached most provinces by early 2001 with mixed results—only institutions with water saving incentives could realize efficient irrigation. The government is reforming water prices policies to provide water saving incentives to farmers while not hurting their income. While China has focused on water rights and markets, and despite regulations and pilot projects, full implementation of water rights has been slow. Research reveals greater policy scope for expanding irrigation technologies that generate real water saving to rural areas. Under pressures of water scarcity and food security, further effective reforms in irrigation and policy incentives thereof are expected. The government has also initiated some pilot projects to resolve increasing water scarcity problems through adjusting agricultural production activities.

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介

王金霞，北京大學(xué)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)學(xué)院教授、北京大學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)政策研究中心副主任，北京大學(xué)新農(nóng)村發(fā)展研究院副院長(zhǎng)，北京大學(xué)“博雅特聘教授”，國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金“杰出青年”獲得者，中國(guó)科學(xué)院“百人計(jì)劃”入選者。主要研究領(lǐng)域包括水資源管理、制度與政策、氣候變化影響與適應(yīng)、農(nóng)村環(huán)境政策。被世行、聯(lián)合國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃署、英國(guó)發(fā)展部等多家國(guó)內(nèi)外機(jī)構(gòu)聘期為咨詢專(zhuān)家。主持和參加了40多項(xiàng)國(guó)內(nèi)外合作項(xiàng)目；在國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)刊物上公開(kāi)發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文190多篇，出版中英文專(zhuān)著6部；20多個(gè)政策報(bào)告被國(guó)辦、中辦及相關(guān)部委等采納。

本次學(xué)術(shù)講座是農(nóng)業(yè)資源經(jīng)濟(jì)與政策創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)系列活動(dòng)，熱烈歡迎廣大老師和同學(xué)們參與討論！